Optimization of Growth and Yield of Melon (Cucumis melo L.) on Rooftop through the Application of PGPR and Mycorrhizae

Abstract

Melon (Cucumis melo L.) holds significant economic value but faces declining production and export rates in Indonesia due to urbanization and limited agricultural land. Rooftop farming offers a solution, albeit with challenges such as extreme microclimatic conditions and nutrient deficiencies. This study aimed to evaluate the interaction between Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) and mycorrhizae in optimizing melon growth and yield under rooftop farming conditions. A split-plot design with four PGPR concentrations (0, 5, 10, 15 ml/L) and three mycorrhizal doses (0, 5, 10 g/plant) was employed. Growth and yield parameters were assessed alongside microclimatic data analysis. Significant interactions were observed between PGPR and mycorrhiza on fresh root weight, total dry weight, and fruit weight. The combination of 15 ml/L PGPR and 10 g/plant mycorrhiza produced the highest improvements, with fruit weight increasing by up to 67% compared to controls. Independent effects on root length, root dry weight, plant height, and leaf count were also observed. The synergistic effects of PGPR and mycorrhiza demonstrate the potential of microbial-based approaches for enhancing crop productivity in urban agricultural systems. These findings support the development of sustainable and adaptive solutions for urban farming challenges.